The Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is one of the most ancient and resilient trees in the Great Smoky Mountains, capable of living over 800 years. Its western relative can even surpass 1,200 years, standing tall and strong through centuries of change. However, these forest giants are now under serious threat from an invasive pest: the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid.

Threat & Conservation:
This tiny insect attaches to the underside of branches and appears as small, white cotton-like balls. It slowly drains the tree’s nutrients, often leading to death if left untreated. Sadly, thousands of hemlocks across the Smokies have already succumbed. On our trail, we continue to monitor young hemlocks closely and are working to preserve their future—even as our largest and oldest hemlock is now in visible decline.

Tree Facts:
Hemlocks are monoecious, meaning they produce both male and female cones on the same tree.
The trees prefer cool, moist environments and often grow near streams and shaded ravines.
While they face a tough battle, treatment options are available—ask your local agricultural extension office or Co-Op representative for guidance.
Despite the challenges, young hemlocks still thrive along the trail, giving hope that with care and awareness, these giants will continue to be part of the Smoky Mountain forest for generations to come.